Asociación entre niveles de proteína C-reactiva y óxido nítrico con el pronóstico de pacientes con infarto cerebral agudo

Introduction: Inflammation and alterations in the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) have been involved in the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular disease. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic value of measuring NO metabolites and inflammatory markers in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Materials and methods: A total of 158 patients with acute ischemic stroke were included in an observational cohort study. Between 48 and 72 hours post admission, a fasting blood sample was taken to determine the biochemical profile, inflammatory markers (CRP, IL1-β, IL6, TNF-α) and nitrites/nitrates plasma levels. The cohort's follow-up was conducted for two years to determine the occurrence of a new event (stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure) or death of vascular origin. Comparisons between groups were made using the log-rank test. A Cox multivariate regression analysis permitted to determine factors independently associated with the outcome. Result: The mean age was 70.5 ± 12.8 years. 39.2% of the subjects presented the outcome during the first 24 months of follow-up. CRP levels > 12 mg/L (HR 2.22, 95% CI 1.07-4.59) and a score > 13 on the NIHSS scale at admission (HR 2.81 95% CI 1.46-5.41) were significantly associated with an increased risk of a new event. The combination of CRP levels < 12 mg/L and nitrites/nitrates levels < 35.5 mmol/L was identified as a protective factor (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.06-0.71). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the determination of CRP and NOx levels could be beneficial in clinical practice to stratify the risk of future events or death of vascular origin in acute ischemic stroke patients.