Role of mitochondria in the optic neuropathy

Mitochondria are an important eukaryotic cell organelle with inner and outer membranes.They generate the necessary lifecycle energy for cells through aerobic respiration, and plays a role in oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in human body.Mitochondria have their own genetic material and genetic system.In more active structures, such as the retina and the optic nerve, mitochondria are more abundant, providing the necessary energy for visual signaling and intracellular transport of substances.An increasing number of studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in optic nerve degeneration and affects retinal ganglion cell survival.This paper summarized the current research on the distribution and the role of mitochondria in the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells. Key words: Mitochondria; Optic neuropathy; Retinal ganglion cell