Surface tension and viscosity of molten vanadium measured with an electrostatic levitation furnace

Abstract Surface tension and viscosity of molten vanadium were measured over a wide temperature range by the oscillating drop method in an electrostatic levitation furnace. Over the (2023 to 2517) K temperature range, the surface tension can be expressed as γ ( T )/(10 −3  N/m) = 1935 − 0.27 {( T  −  T m )/K} with T m  = 2183 K. Over the same temperature span, the viscosity can be expressed as η ( T )/(10 −3  Pa · s) = 1.23exp[2.27 · 10 4 /( RT K −1 )], where R is the gas constant.