Difference in Local Lung Movement During Tidal Breathing Between COPD Patients and Asthma Patients Assessed by Four-dimensional Dynamic-ventilation CT Scan

Background The validity of four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan for distinguishing COPD from asthma has not been established. Purpose To assess whether four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan can aid in the diagnosis of COPD by comparing local lung movement during tidal breathing between COPD and asthma. Patients and Methods Thirty-three COPD patients (30 males and three females; median age 74; range 44–89 years) and 11 asthma patients (five males and six females; median age 55; range: 32–75 years) underwent whole-lung dynamic-ventilation CT scan. CT data were reconstructed, one respiratory cycle to 10 phases, and in addtion we reconstructed threefold new phase data sets. We then analyzed local lung movement during tidal breathing using unpaired t-tests and chi-squared tests. Results The local lung movement in COPD patients was significantly smaller than in asthma patients, especially in the ventral part of the lung. This was so even in patients who had mild emphysema (Goddard score <8). Conclusion Quantitative evaluation using four-dimensional dynamic-ventilation CT scan demonstrated that local lung movement during tidal breathing, particularly in the ventral lung, was smaller in COPD than in asthma patients, which may help distinguish COPD from asthma.