ВОЛНОВЫЕ СТРУКТУРЫ В ЛЕДЯНОМ ПОЛЕ И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ПРОЧНОСТЬ СОЛЁНОГО ЛЬДА

The heterogeneity of the strength of the ice field of the dynamic type of formation with an area of 800 m2 was investigated in time and space. It is shown that stationary periodic wave structures are formed in a closed volume of an ice field lying on the surface of a liquid in a rectangular basin. In a case of absence of any external influences, the dominant source of elastic waves in the ice is the coherent radiation of them on freezing of water, i.e. the ice field itself. Another wave structures, i.e. standing waves, form secondary ice textures in the ice field with diminished strength. Local hardness of ice was chosen as the criterion of strength. The recurrence of local hardness values as a function of coordinates of the measurement points in the longitudinal and transverse profiles of the ice field was determined. The hardness values vary from 40 to 60% with an axial force measurement error of 5%. The experimental relations are approximated by periodic curves, in which the maxima and minima of local hardness correlate with the nodes and antinodes of standing waves, respectively. The decrease in local ice hardness in the secondary textures is explained by high-frequency dynamic metamorphism. The wavelengths corresponding to bending-gravitational and longitudinal waves are identified, with the interference of which stationary periodic wave structures are formed. A similar regularity of changes in local hardness was revealed also in a river ice. The results obtained allow us to consider nonlinear wave phenomena as one of the factors controlling the spatial-temporal variability of the ice strength characteristics.