Localized form of steatocystoma multiplex-partially suppurativa mimicking scrofuloderma

Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, which presents as multiple sebum containing subcutaneous cysts. Usually, the involvement is generalized;however, localized forms of the disease have been described. In exceptional cases, acute episodes occur associated with fever and suppuration when the term steatocystoma multiplex suppurativum is used. In some cases, the inflamed cysts rupture forming sinus tracts, which may undergo scarring. This clinical presentation with discharging sinuses may be easily mistaken for tuberculosis, especially in endemic countries. We herein report a patient with localized form of steatocystoma multiplex suppurativum where initially a diagnosis of scrofuloderma had been considered. Cytological and histopathological examination allowed a correct diagnosis to be established.