Avaliação histomorfológica de maxilares humanos submetidos a enxerto ósseo autógeno e homógeno Histomorphometric evaluation of autogenous and homogenous bone grafts on atrophic maxillary arches

The purpose of this study was to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively autogenous and homogenous grafts performed in atrophic maxillary arches before dental implant placement. Five patients with atrophic jaws were selected and received autogenous and homogeneous bone grafts, except for patient 2, who received only bilateral homogenous grafts. After 6 to 14 months, samples were retrieved and stained with hematoxylineosin. The results indicated osteogenic activity in all samples, with differentiating osteoprogenitor cells and subsequent formation of osteoblastic layer, although in different stages of tissue maturation. However, when the osteogenic potential of each sample and time of maturation of bone graft were analyzed, it was observed that, regardless of the type of graft used and the time of bone maturation, all patients showed similar potential osteogenic activity in both graft types. We conclude that the use of homogenous bone was effective, leading to faster bone turnover when compared with autogenous grafts. Further, the stage of bone remodeling was more dependent on the response of each individual organism than on the material used in autogenous or