Supervivencia del injerto tras trasplante hepático: aproximación a un nuevo índice de riesgo español

2018 
espanolIntroduccion: existen diversos indicadores para la valoracion de la supervivencia del injerto hepatico (DRI americano y ET-DRI europeo, entre otros), pero existen diferencias importantes entre los programas de trasplante de los diferentes paises y podria ser que dichos indicadores no sean validos en nuestro medio. Objetivos: el objetivo de este estudio es describir un nuevo indicador nacional de riesgo del injerto hepatico a partir de los resultados del Registro Espanol de Trasplante Hepatico (RETH) y validar el DRI y el ET-DRI. Metodologia: el RETH incluye un analisis de Cox de los factores relacionados con la supervivencia del injerto. En base a sus resultados se define el indicador graft risk index (GRI). Las variables que contempla dependen del proceso de donacion: edad, causa de muerte, compatibilidad sanguinea y tiempo de isquemia fria; y del receptor: edad, enfermedad de base, virus C, numero de trasplante, estado UNOS y tecnica quirurgica. Se obtuvo la curva de la regresion logistica y se calcularon las curvas de supervivencia del injerto por estratificacion. La precision se evaluo mediante el area ROC. Resultados: un GRI de 1 se corresponde con una probabilidad de perdida del injerto del 23,25%; cada punto de aumento del GRI supone que la probabilidad se multiplica por 1,33. El GRI mostro la mejor discriminacion por estratificacion. El area ROC del DRI fue 0,54 (95% IC, 0,50-0,59) y del ET-DRI, 0,56 (95% IC, 0,51-0,61), frente al GRI 0,70 (95% IC, 0,65-0,73) (p EnglishIntroduction: several indicators are available to assess liver graft survival, including the American DRI and the European ET-DRI. However, there are significant differences between transplant programs of different countries, and the previously mentioned indicators might be not valid in our setting. Objectives: the aim of the study was to describe a new national liver graft risk indicator based on the results obtained from the Registro Espanol de Trasplante Hepatico (RETH) and to validate the DRI and ET-DRI indicators. Methods: the RETH includes a Cox analysis of factors associated with graft survival; the graft risk index (GRI) indicator was defined based on these results. The variables considered are dependent upon the donation conditions (age, cause of death, blood compatibility and cold ischemia time) and the transplant recipient (age, underlying disease, hepatitis C virus, transplant number, UNOS status and surgical technique). A logistic regression curve was obtained and graft survival curves were calculated by stratification. Precision was assessed using the ROC analysis. Results: a GRI of 1 represents a probability of graft loss of 23.25%; each point increase in the GRI score multiplies this probability by 1.33. The best discrimination of GRI was obtained by stratification. The DRI ROC area was 0.54 (95% CI, 0.50-0.59) and the ET-DRI ROC area was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.51-0.61), compared to 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65-0.73) (p
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