Use of nanoparticles in skeletal tissue regeneration and engineering.
2019
Bone and osteochondral defects represent
one of the major causes of disabilities in the world.
Derived from traumas and degenerative pathologies,
these lesions cause severe pain, joint deformity, and loss
of joint motion. The standard treatments in clinical
practice present several limitations. By producing
functional substitutes for damaged tissues, tissue
engineering has emerged as an alternative in the
treatment of defects in the skeletal system. Despite
promising preliminary clinical outcomes, several
limitations remain. Nanotechnologies could offer new
solutions to overcome those limitations, generating
materials more closely mimicking the structures present
in naturally occurring systems. Nanostructures
comparable in size to those appearing in natural bone
and cartilage have thus become relevant in skeletal tissue
engineering. In particular, nanoparticles allow for a
unique combination of approaches (e.g. cell labelling,
scaffold modification or drug and gene delivery) inside
single integrated systems for optimized tissue
regeneration. In the present review, the main types of
nanoparticles and the current strategies for their
application to skeletal tissue engineering are described.
The collection of studies herein considered confirms that
advanced nanomaterials will be determinant in the
design of regenerative therapeutic protocols for skeletal
lesions in the future.
Keywords:
- Correction
- Source
- Cite
- Save
- Machine Reading By IdeaReader
234
References
7
Citations
NaN
KQI