Relationship between the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and immobilization syndrome.

INTRODUCTION Disuse syndrome due to immobility and/or prolonged bed rest is characterized by the deterioration of body systems secondary to musculoskeletal inactivity (). The consequences of prolonged bed rest and lack of physical activity include effects on cognition, muscles, bones and joints, and skin, as well as the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (). Differences in loss and atrophy among various muscles can be explained by their fiber characteristics and functions. For instance, the rectus femoris muscle, which performs primarily fast [...]