The role of fat distribution and adipocytokines in disorders linked to obesity

Aim. Adipose tissue is the largest endocrine organ, mostly located under the skin, as subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and around visceral organs, as visceral adipose tissue (VAT), the latter being highly correlated with metabolic syndrome. For example some adipocytokines secreted by adipose tissue and accumulation of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been linked with CAD. The aim of this presentation is to evaluate the role of fat distribution as well as the endocrine function of adipose tissue in development of several disorders linked with obesity. Methods. Research provided at Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience associated with this subject we can divide in two models: animal and human model. In animal model we wanted to determinate impact of mothers` nutrition and nutrition of offspring observed on several parameters. In human model we analyzed role of fat distribution and cytokine expression in adipose tissue collected from Department of Surgery. Results. Current results in human model showed that fat distribution as well as change of cytokine expression in adipose tissue have more important role in development of metabolic disorders than volume of adipose tissue itself. Experiment with two generations of rats exposed to high fat diet indicated that maternal type of diet has significant importance on disorders developing in offspring.Cocnlusion. Inflammation of adipose tissue, measurable with expression of cytokines, is one of key etiopathogenetic factors in various diseases