Mundgesundheitsstatus und Untersuchungen zur Auswirkung einer Botulinumtoxin-Injektionstherapie bei oromandibulären Dysfunktionen auf das stomatognathe System

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin injection therapy on the stomatognathic system in patients with oromandibular dysfunctions. In addition, the condition of the oral health and the influence on the oral health-related quality of life should be recorded. 20 patients with diagnosed Meige-syndrome (n = 11), oromandibular dystonia (n = 6) and craniomandibular dysfunction (n = 3) under botulinum toxin injection therapy were included. All patients underwent dental examination (BL: botulinum toxin injection): dental results (DMF-T(decayed, missed, filled teeth (n = 28)), functional (RDC / TMD) and periodontal status. In addition, the oral health-related quality of life was recorded (OHIP-G14). After 2 (T1) and 12 weeks (T2) there was a follow-up of RDC / TMD and OHIP-G14. On average, 22.2 ± 7.6 teeth were decayed, missed or filled (DMF-T); the proportion of missing teeth (M-T) was highest at 12.0 ± 9.7. Compared with the German oral health study V (DMF-T = 17.7, F-T = 6.1), the patients we examined have a significantly higher caries experience and thus more decayed, missing and filled teeth than the larger part of the German population. Facial pain was seen in 10 patients at baseline. Pain perception was 4.9 ± 0.6 (n = 10) from baseline to T1: 2.6 ± 3.4 (n = 5, p <0.01) and T2: 3.8 ± 2.3 (n = 5, p = 0.72) can be reduced. This result is also confirmed by the present literature. Active mouth opening without pain (n = 7) increased from BL (41.7 ± 9.6 mm) to T1 (45.4 ± 8.7 mm); at T2 (40.3 ± 11.3 mm) a renewed reduction was found (p = 0.35). This positive effect is also described in the literature. The oral health-related quality of life of all patients averaged 10.8 ± 10.4; in the follow-up patients, a reduction of OHIP from BL: 12.1 ± 10.8 to T1: 7.0 ± 5.5 was detectable (p = 0.06). Botulinum toxin injection in patients with oromandibular dystonia, Meige-syndrome, and craniomandibular dysfunction results in better and less painful function of the stomatognathic system. The active maximum mouth opening is temporarily increased without pain. In addition, the oral health-related quality of life is positively influenced.