A TYPOLOGY OF URBAN DRIVING PATTERNS: A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS AND ESTIMATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

Driving patterns, such as speed and acceleration profiles, have a large effect on emissions and fuel consumption. This paper aims at creating a typology of urban driving patterns and applying it on data of speed, acceleration and engine speed profiles, etc. collected in real urban traffic. To obtain a typology of driving patterns cluster analysis was initially tested, but was, however, found to yield unstable results. Instead a typology was built based on exogenous segmentation of speed, occurrence of speed changes, acceleration and stopping occurrences. Fifteen segments were found to cover more that 98% of the total length, time driving and exhaust emitted. The driving pattern types were described in terms of speed, acceleration, deceleration, speed oscillation, percentage of stopping, RPA and engine speed. Their exhaust emission factors and fuel consumption factors were modeled and the contribution to the total amount of emission and fuel consumption within the city was calculated.