Base-Promoted Ammonia Borane Hydrogen-Release

The strong non-nucleophilic base bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (Proton Sponge, PS) has been found to promote the rate and extent of H2-release from ammonia borane (AB) either in the solid state or in ionic-liquid and tetraglyme solutions. For example, AB reactions in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (bmimCl) containing 5.3 mol % PS released 2 equiv of H2 in 171 min at 85 °C and only 9 min at 110 °C, whereas comparable reactions without PS required 316 min at 85 °C and 20 min at 110 °C. Ionic-liquid solvents proved more favorable than tetraglyme since they reduced the formation of undesirable products such as borazine. Solid-state and solution 11B NMR studies of PS-promoted reactions in progress support a reaction pathway involving initial AB deprotonation to form the H3BNH2− anion. This anion can then initiate AB dehydropolymerization to form branched-chain polyaminoborane polymers. Subsequent chain-branching and dehydrogenation reactions lead ultimately to a cross-linked polyborazylene-type product. ...