Open tibial fractures in major trauma centres: A national prospective cohort study of current practice

Abstract Aims To assess current national practice in the management of severe open tibial fractures against national standards, using data collected by the Trauma and Audit Research Network. Materials and Methods Demographic, injury-specific, and outcome data were obtained for all grade IIIB/C fractures admitted to Major Trauma Centres in England from October 2014 to January 2016. Results Data was available for 646 patients with recorded grade IIIB/C fractures. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1, mean age 47 years. 77% received antibiotics within 3 hours of admission, 82% were debrided within 24 hours. Soft tissue coverage was achieved within 72 hours of admission in 71%. The amputation rate was 8.7%. 4.3% of patients required further theatre visits for infection during the index admission. The timing of antibiotics and surgery could not be correlated with returns to theatre for early infection. There were significant differences in the management and outcomes of patients aged 65 and over, with an increase in mortality and amputation rates. Conclusions Good outcomes are reported from the management of IIIB/C fractures in Major Trauma Centres in England. Overall compliance with national standards is particularly poor in the elderly. Compliance did not appear to affect rates of returning to theatre or early infection. Appropriately applied patient reported outcome measures are needed to enhance the evidence-base for management of these injuries.