Optimization of ammonia removal by natural zeolite from aqueous solution using response surface methodology
2015
Ammonium removal from aqueous solution was investigated using natural
zeolite. Operating variables were optimized by statistical design for this
process. Eight variables including pH, contact time, dose and size of
adsorbent, initial ammonia concentration, temperature, agitation and
concentration of other adsorbate were screened by Placket-Burman design. The
results indicated particle size, contact time, dose of zeolite and initial
ammonia concentration are effective on removal efficiency with p-value<0.02.
Optimizations of three important factors were conducted by response surface
method. The optimal condition of ammonia removal in terms of removal
efficiency was found to be at 0.18-0.4 mm particle size, 4 min contact time
and 111 g L-1 dose of zeolite. The removal efficiency was found to be 98.25%
at optimal condition. The maximum adsorption capacity of ammonium was 1.276
mg g-1 that was obtained at 0.18-0.4 mm zeolite size, 60 min contact time and
20 g L-1 zeolite dosage. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms adequately
described the adsorption of ammonium ions by HCl-modified natural zeolite.
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