Infecções hospitalares em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca: uma revisão das incidências quanto aos fatores de risco pós-cirurgia

Heart disease, in the current context, presents high prevalence and increased morbimortality. Thus, surgical interventions have become more frequent due to their consequences. This study aims to revision the predisposing risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients undergoing cardiac surgery during the postoperative period. This is a systematic review of the literature in which, in addition to research in books, proceeded to search in scientific articles of the Scientific Electronic Library Online databases, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences and PubMed. It was found that the most common infections were: the primary bacterial infections, surgical site infections, urinary and hospital pneumonia is a challenge for surgeons and health professionals, as for the overall success of heart surgery is essential that the patient is inacceptable clinical conditions, but it is also necessary trained and experienced multidisciplinary team, as well as a hospital with adequate facilities and equipment. For complications, we highlight the surgical site, followed by pneumonia, sepsis, catheter-related infections and urinary tract infections. In terms of risk factors for heart postoperative infection, stood out in this study females, age and invasive procedures such as the use of catheter and bladder catheterization.