Molecular mechanisms associated with recognition of pathogens by receptors of innate immunity

: Innate immunity is the fi rst line of the defensive mechanisms protecting the host from invading pathogens. Structures of pathogens called PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) are recognized by extra- and intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which includes three families of sensors: TLRs, NLRs, and RLRs. Knowledge of the mechanisms involving PRRs makes it possible to understand innate immune activity and the development of precise methods of preventing and treating infection at the molecular level. This article presents the molecular pathways initiated in response to pathogens.