Modelling of VSC-HVDC with power synchronization method including frequency support

In order to enhance the control ability of HVDC systems, more and more attention is devoted to Voltage Source Converters (VSCs), enabling instantaneous control of large amounts of power with improved stability features and providing ancillary services to the AC system. A crucial issue in VSC control is represented by their synchronization with the AC grid usually obtained by phase locked loop techniques. In this paper, the Virtual Synchronous Machine concept is exploited through Power-Synchronization Method (PSM), aiming to mimic the behavior of synchronous generators with VSCs. Therefore, a full and detailed dynamic model of a PSM-controlled VSC is developed, tuned and tested by means of time domain simulations.