Translational Research in Immune and Inflammatory Diseases: What are the Challenges, Expected Advances, and Innovative Therapies?

Abstract Despite very different aetiologies and clinical expressions, advancing knowledge in the physiopathology and treatment of immune and inflammatory diseases (IID) prompts us to consider them as a whole. These are chronic, often incapacitating and painful illnesses that progress and destroy organs. Management by discipline too often leads to erroneous diagnoses and sometimes inappropriate treatment. More integrated translational research would further understanding of the complex relationships between cytokines and organ damage, which vary with the conditions and patients, making it possible to develop new biomarkers and personalize treatment. The research in France has very many strengths but its organization is fragmented. Better coordinated research into IID, which could be based on creating a strategic valorization field ( domaine de valorisation strategique , DVS) and thematic multi-organization institute ( Institut thematique multi-organismes ITMO), would advance patient management.