Recent advance in role of monocyte subsets in ischemic stroke

Ischemic stroke constitutes a major cause of death and disability in the world. Inflammation has been reported to constitute a major component of ischemic stroke pathobiology. In the acute phase of ischemic stroke, microglias are activated, followed by several infiltration waves of different circulating immune cells into the brain. Among these circulating immune cells, monocytes have been shown to play an important role. Following their infiltration, monocytes differentiate into potent phagocytic cells, the monocyte-derived macrophages. Initially, the presence of these cells was considered as markers of an exacerbated inflammatory response that contributes to brain damage. However, the recent reports are suggesting a more complex role of these cells in ischemic stroke pathobiology. Here, we will address the roles of different monocyte subsets in ischemic stroke pathobiology, and the implications on therapies. Key words: Monocyte subset; Ischemic stroke; Inflammation; Neurorestoration