Antiurolithiatic activity of Crataeva magna Lour. bark

Crataeva magna Lour. bark, commonly known as Baruna , belonging to family Capparaceae, has been investigated for its antiurolithiatic activity in two conventional models ( in vivo ) of Urolithiasis in rats. The two methods chosen were lactose (30%) + ethylene glycol (1%) and ammonium chloride (2%) + ethylene glycol (0.75%) induced urolithiasis, respectively. The ethanol extract (400 mg/kg bw) reduced the elevated levels of serum calcium (3.25 ± 0.30) and urine calcium (2.33 ± 0.18) significantly (P<0.05), employing lactose (30%) + ethylene glycol (1%) induced urolithiasis model. The ethanol extract (400 mg/kg bw) reduced the urine uric acid level significantly employing both models, viz. lactose (30%) + ethylene glycol (1%) (0.82 ± 0.07; P<0.001) and ammonium chloride (2%) + ethylene glycol (0.75%) (0.85 ± 0.12; P<0.001) when compared to toxic group. The ethanol extract (400 mg/kg bw) employing both models resulted in reduced serum creatinine and calcium, urine oxalate and kidney weight significantly with a marked increase in final body weight and urine volume output when compared to toxic group. The results shown by the ethanol extract (400 mg/kg bw) group was compared to standard polyherbal drug (Cystone; 5 ml/kg bw) treated group and thus exhibited potent antiurolithiatic activity.