Reversible Multiple Items Authentication Scheme for WSNs

In this article, a reversible authentication scheme for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is proposed aimed at multiple items authentication and good imperception of transmitted data. Firstly, the WSNs data stream is divided into some authentication groups, and each authentication group is composed of a generator group and a carrier group. Then, the cyclical redundancy check (CRC) code of the generator group is generated as the authentication information, which is composed of the CRC codes of all collected items in the generator group. In the carrier group, first, to decrease the visual perception introduced by information embedding, the beginning parameter $T_{m}$ and the end parameter $T_{p}$ are used to select the fluctuation region of the prediction-error histogram (PEH) where large prediction errors occur. Then, using the prediction-error-based histogram shifting method, the authentication information is reversibly embedded into the fluctuation region. Experimental results and analysis demonstrate that, compared with up-to-date homogeneous schemes, the proposed scheme achieved better performance on invisibility, false positive rate, type of authenticated items, and attraction to attackers.