CO2flux e temperatura da superfície edáfica em áreas de caatinga

2021 
As modificacoes que ocorrem na cobertura vegetal da Caatinga alteram a incidencia de radiacao solar na interface superficie-atmosfera. Para monitorar os fluxos de CO 2 , atraves de geotecnologias, surge como alternativa o sensoriamento remoto. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar o sequestro de carbono e a temperatura da superficie em areas de caatinga diante de variacoes sazonais atraves dos dados dos sensores OLI e TIRS do satelite Landsat 8. O estudo foi realizado com uma cena referente a estacao seca e outra referente a estacao chuvosa, em duas areas, sendo uma com vegetacao preservada de Caatinga e outra com intervencao agricola, ambas no municipio de Sao Jose de Piranhas, Paraiba. O pre-processamento das imagens se deu a partir da transformacao de numeros digitais para radiância espectral e em seguida para reflectância, ja o processamento ocorreu a partir da aplicacao dos indices de vegetacao e de temperatura, resultando em CO 2 flux e temperatura da superficie. A Caatinga sofreu grande influencia da precipitacao pluviometrica, afetando diretamente a fenologia desta vegetacao. A variacao na temperatura e o CO 2 flux sofreram influencia da sazonalidade, na estacao seca houve um menor sequestro e temperaturas mais elevadas, enquanto que na estacao chuvosa houve um maior sequestro e temperaturas mais baixas. O teste de comparacoes multiplas mostrou que todas as variaveis estudadas apresentaram diferenca estatistica. A temperatura e o CO 2 flux sao influenciados pela sazonalidade. O sensoriamento remoto mutiespectral e uma ferramenta que pode auxiliar no estudo da dinâmica da temperatura e do sequestro de carbono no bioma Caatinga. CO 2 flux and edaphic surface temperature in the caatinga areas A B S T R A C T The changes that occur in the Caatinga vegetation cover alter the incidence of solar radiation at the surface-atmosphere interface. To monitor CO 2 flows, through geotechnologies, they appear as an alternative or remote sensing. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the carbon sequestration and the surface temperature in caatinga areas in the face of seasonal variations using data from the Landsat 8 satellite OLI and TIRS sensors. The study was carried out with a scene referring to the dry season and another referring to the rainy season, in two areas, one with preserved Caatinga vegetation and the other with agricultural intervention, both in the municipality of Sao Jose de Piranhas, Paraiba. The pre-processing of the images took place from the transformation of digital numbers for spectral radiance and then for reflectance, since the processing occurred from the application of the vegetation and temperature indices, resulting in CO 2 flux and surface temperature. The Caatinga was greatly influenced by rainfall, directly affecting the phenology of this vegetation. The variation in temperature and CO 2 flux were influenced by seasonality, in the dry season there was less sequestration and higher temperatures, while in the rainy season there was greater sequestration and lower temperatures. The multiple comparison test showed that all the variables studied showed statistical differences. Temperature and CO 2 flux are influenced by seasonality. Multispectral remote sensing is a tool that can assist in the study of temperature dynamics and carbon sequestration in the Caatinga biome. Keywords: Caatinga, CO 2 flux, Landsat 8, remote sensing.
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