A Review on the Application of Palm Oil Fuel Ash in Concrete as a Cementitious Material for Construction

Sustainable construction is a rapidly increasing research area. For concrete production, cement is the most important and expensive raw material that binds together the solids. However, during the production of concrete, a large amount of carbon dioxide is produced, causing environmental concerns resulting in a growing interest in the field of supplemental cementitious material. One of the potential materials is palm oil fuel ash (POFA), the by-product of palm oil industries. These by-products, if dumped in the landfill sites, create an environmental problem and health hazard. Several research works have been carried out to investigate the potential use of palm oil fuel ash as a supplementary cementing material to develop high strength and aerated concrete. The experiments conducted for the use of POFA as a pozzolanic material to improve the strength and durability of concrete have obtained satisfactory results. POFA can be used as an environmentally friendly replacement for the cement to produce concrete. This study a state-of-the-art of possibilities for the sustainable construction of concrete through the partial replacement of concrete with palm oil fuel ash.