Inhibition of the betaine-GABA transporter (mGAT2/BGT-1) modulates spontaneous electrographic bursting in the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC)

Summary Disruptions in GABAergic neurotransmission have been implicated in numerous CNS disorders, including epilepsy and neuropathic pain. Selective inhibition of neuronal and glial GABA transporter subtypes may offer unique therapeutic options for regaining balance between inhibitory and excitatory systems. The ability of two GABA transport inhibitors to modulate inhibitory tone via inhibition of mGAT1 (tiagabine) or mGAT2/BGT-1 ( N -[4,4-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)-3-butenyl]-4-(methylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[ d ]isoxazol-3-ol), also known as EF1502) was evaluated using an in vitro model of spontaneous interictal-like bursting (SB). SBs were recorded extracellularly in combined mEC–HC horizontal brain slices (400μm; 31±1°C) obtained from KA-treated rats. Slice recordings demonstrated that EF1502 exhibited a concentration-dependent reduction in SB frequency. EF1502 significantly reduced SB rate to 32% of control at the 30μM concentration, while reducing the area and duration of SB activity to 60% and 46% of control, respectively, at the 10μM concentration. In contrast, the GAT1 selective inhibitor tiagabine (3, 10, and 30μM) was unable to significantly reduce the frequency of SB activity in the mEC, despite significantly reducing both the duration (51% of control) and area (58% of control) of the SB at concentrations as low as 3μM. The ability of EF1502, but not tiagabine, to inhibit SBs in the mEC suggests that this in vitro model of pharmacoresistant SB activity is useful to differentiate between novel anticonvulsants with similar mechanisms of action and suggests a therapeutic potential for non-GAT1 transport inhibitors.