Magnesium Sulfate Administration in Moderate Coronary Artery Disease Patients Improves Atherosclerotic Risk Factors: A Double Blind Clinical Trial Study.

Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is known to promote vascular and cardiac dysfunctions such as atherosclerosis. This study investigated the effect of oral MgSO4 therapy to improve lipid profile and serum oxidized LDL (oxLDL) level and its receptor (LOX1) in moderate coronary atherosclerotic patients. In this randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial study, sixty-four patients with moderate coronary artery disease were selected according to angiography findings. Participants were divided into two groups including Mg-treated (n=32) and placebo(n=32 ) The patients received either placebo or MgSO4 supplement capsule containing 300 mg MgSO4 for 6 months on a daily basis. Lipid profile, HbA1c, 2h postprandial (2hpp) blood glucose, fasting blood sugar (FBS), serum SGOT, SGPT, ox-LDL and lectin-like ox-LDL receptor 1(LOX1) concentrations were measured at baseline and every three months. HbA1c, serum LOX1 and oxLDL concentrations were significantly lower in Mg-treated than placebo group three months after MgSO4 administration. 2hpp, serum LDL-C, SGPT, SGOT levels and HbA1c levels significantly improved in Mg-treated group compared to placebo received group. Overall, the results of this study showed that magnesium treatment improved some of the major risk factors of atherosclerosis. According to the results of liver function tests (SGOT and SGPT), magnesium therapy seems to be safe in patients with moderate atherosclerotic plaque. Therefore, it is suggested that magnesium to be used along with other atherosclerosis control drugs.