EVALUACIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO DEL PIE DIABÉTICO. Protocolo del Servicio de Endocrinología del Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes.

Foot ulcers in diabetic patients are a major public health problem that generates a high cost to the patient, family and health systems. They are the main cause of non-traumatic amputation of lower limbs. The diabetic foot is considered a clinical syndrome of multifactorial origin, including neuropathic, angiopathic and infectious factors, producing tissue damage and determining the prognosis of the limb. In diabetic foot assessment, it is critical to identify the ulcer, the presence of infection and the vascular status of the limb. For that reason, it is important to use standard classifications with accepted definitions to evaluate the clinical course and the results of different therapies. The diabetic foot treatment should focus primarily on the triggering pathogenic mechanisms, requiering care multidisciplinary to achieve the best outcome for the patient. The main therapies are the initiation of antibiotics along with surgical debridement, and adjuvant therapy for the ischemia and neuropathic pain. In this paper, based on levels of scientific evidence and clinical practice in the Unit of Endocrinology, IAHULA, we present the protocol for the management of the diabetic foot, including classification systems, clinical, paraclinical evaluation and medical and surgical treatment.