Ferroelectric Polarization Properties in High-Performance Bismuth Sodium Titanate Single Crystals

(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT) single crystals were grown by flux method at a high oxygen pressure (Po2) of 1 MPa, and their polarization properties were investigated. BNT single crystals exhibited a saturated polarization hysteresis with a remanent polarizations (Pr) of 31 μC/cm2 along [100]c, 44 μC/cm2 along [110]c and 54 μC/cm2 along [111]c. These results show that spontaneous polarization of BNT is approximately 55 mC/cm2 or larger.