Life-saving vascular access after combined liver and kidney transplantation: A challenging access to the right atrium:

Exhaustion of vascular accesses is a major complication in patients undergoing hemodialysis, especially in pediatric setting. We report the case of a boy treated for loss of hemodialysis access after a combined liver–kidney transplantation and transient renal dysfunction. An interventional dilatation of calcific superior vena cava allowed to insert a stable central venous line for dialysis until full graft recovery. Careful management of central lines allows to spare the main vessels and reduces the need for unusual accesses.