Exploration of miRNA diversity for nutrient use efficiency

miRNAs are 20–24 nucleotides long bind to complementary transcripts, attenuating post-transcription or translational inhibition gene expression. In cell signalling pathways, small RNAs including micro RNAs (miRNA) play an indispensable role. Normally, miRNAs have emerged as the key regulator of various stress responses in plants, including low availability of nutrients. miRNAs have been documented to be critical for maintaining plant nutrient homeostasis by controlling the expression of transporters involved in nutrient uptake and mobilization. The present analysis emphasizes the function of different miRNAs in several plant deficiencies of macro-or micronutrients. Understanding regulation by miRNAs of various transporters may help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of molecular signal transduction during nutritional stress. Recent findings on nutrient-related mRNAs and their gene-regulating machinery that delineate a new platform for future nutritional improvement of crop or crop biofortification programs.