MR perfusion, diffusion and BOLD imaging of methotrexate-exposed swine brain

Purpose To evaluate the methotrexate (MTX)-exposed swine brain, functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including perfusion, diffusion, and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) contrast imaging, was used. Material and Methods Juvenile pigs received either 2 × 5 g/m2, or 5 × 2 g/m2 MTX intravenously within one month. MRI was performed (sedative: propofol) before (14–17 kg, N = 6) and after (21–27 kg, N = 4) the MTX exposure. Also, age-matched controls (22–27 kg, N = 4) were imaged. Results After the MTX exposure, reduced (from 2%–4% to 0%–1%) or negative (−2% to −3%) BOLD responses were detected; apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) or relative perfusion values did not change. Conclusion This study suggests that MTX-related changes in the brain may be detected as changes in flow-metabolism coupling as reduced or negative response (for somatosensory activation) in the BOLD contrast MRI. The contrast agent perfusion MRI, without absolute quantification, may not show global damage in brain perfusion related to the MTX exposure in the swine model used. ADC (in one direction) may not indicate MTX-related changes in the brain. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2002;15:511–519. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.