Implications of the structure-property relationship on the optomechanical characterization of the cornea: A review

Abstract The cornea is transparent and refractive tissue. It has an intricate microstructure that determines its optical function. The cornea's geometry and microstructure creates a compounding effect on the biomechanical assessment and makes it difficult. The current study is a comprehensive review of the structure-property relationship of the cornea. Various methods and techniques have been highlighted that characterize the mechanical and optical properties of the cornea. The photoelastic effect observed in the cornea is the derivative of its structure-property relationship. This review thematically discusses various notions on the birefringent property of the cornea. It is suggested that digital photoelasticity is a promising technique for the in-vivo optomechanical characterization. The applicability of digital photoelasticity that involves techniques such as phase shifting, integrated photoelasticity, and hybrid methodologies is emphasized for their development as clinical tools and devices in clinical ophthalmology.