A Fast and Accurate Analytical Method Based on Input Impedance for Antenna Directivity [Antenna Applications Corner]

A novel, fast, and accurate analytical method based on input impedance is proposed for antenna directivity determination. The detailed theoretical expressions are examined and presented to determine the directivity of the wire-dipole and biconical antennas. The proposed analytical directivity results of the antennas are compared with conventional methods and measurements as well as a commercial electromagnetic (EM) simulator. A good correlation is achieved between the proposed method, the CST full-wave EM simulator, and the measurements. Additionally, the proposed method can be used to determine the antenna directivity in complicated environments, i.e., large array, for which the antenna characteristics may be deviated under coupling effects.