Laparoscopic resection of diaphragmatic endometriosis in 10 steps

ABSTRACT Study Objective Laparoscopic resection of diaphragmatic endometriosis has the advantages of a minimally invasive approach [ 1 ]. The standardization and description of the technique are the main objectives of this video. We described the procedure in 10 steps to make it easier and safer. Design A step-by-step video demonstration of the technique (Video 1). Setting A French university tertiary care hospital. Patients Patients with diaphragmatic endometriosis confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging [ 2 ]. The local institutional review board ruled that approval was not required for this video article because the video describes a technique and does not report a clinical case. Intervention There are no guidelines on the surgical treatment of diaphragmatic endometriosis [ 3 ]. We propose a laparoscopic approach using a right lateral access with the patient in the left lateral decubitus position [ 4 ]. Measurements and Main Results This video presents the procedure divided into the following 10 steps: step 1, set up; step 2, patient position; step 3, installation of the trocars; step 4, releasing the liver; step 5, exposure of the diaphragmatic endometriosis; step 6, making a diaphragmatic defect; step 7, exploring the thoracic cavity; step 8, resection of diaphragmatic endometriosis; step 9, inserting the suction catheter; and step 10, closing the diaphragmatic defect. Conclusion Standardization of laparoscopic resection of diaphragmatic endometriosis could make this procedure easier and safer to perform. The left lateral decubitus position helps to have complete exposure of the right diaphragmatic muscle and endometriosis. We presented 10 steps to help perform each part of the surgery in logical sequence, making the procedure ergonomic and easier to adopt and learn [ 5 ]. Standardization of laparoscopic techniques could help to reduce the learning curve.