Systematic review and meta-analysis for the biotechnological production of THC in Morocco

Cannabinoids have promising therapeutic potential. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most important psychotropic active ingredient of Cannabis Sativa L, has been the subject of several chemical, pharmacological and biosynthetic studies. In this context, a meta-analysis of biotechnological processes applied to the production of recombinant cannabinoid THC worldwide was carried out. The objective was to highlight the potential of these processes on the Moroccan variety of Cannabis Sativa. The PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science search motors were used to search for original scientific work presenting biotechnological tools used in the production of THC. The scientific articles exploited are those published before the end of 2020. Succinct analysis of the experimental work performed showed that expression of the gene encoding Cannabis Sativa L. THCA synthase was performed on prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. Currently, no functional expression could be obtained in E. coli. Whereas, production of recombinant protein (THCA Synthase) associated with significant enzymatic activity was obtained in P. pastoris cultures (F. Saccharomycetaceae). The exploitation of the sequences showed the presence of a large similarity between the THCA Synthase gene of cannabis Sativa of the Moroccan variety and the mRNA precursor of the same gene reported in several studies. This will allow us to use a specific signal sequence of choice for an adopted expression host, in order to produce the recombinant THCA synthase enzyme from the Moroccan Cannabis Sativa L strain on P. pastoris cultures.