Hyperglycemia-induced stress granule formation in mouse microvascular endothelial cells

Background and Objective: Cells exposed to stress conserve energy for the repair of cellular damage by inhibiting translational initiation. The stress stimuli can trigger several stress response pathways leading to global translational attenuation, chiefly by the phosphorylation of eIF2α and disruption of the 43S assembly, which correlates to the compartmentalization of untranslated polyadenylated mRNA in discrete cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complexes known as Stress Granules (SGs). In a diabetic milieu, endothelial cells (ECs) that line the lumen of the blood vessels are constantly exposed to high glucose (HG) concentration (stress), which contributes to increased oxidative stress in these cells that in turn is responsible for high rates of cardiovascular complications among diabetic individuals. However, the effect of high glucose as a stress in relation to SG assembly in ECs remains unclear. The central objective of the present study is to evaluate the role of HG-induced oxidative stress in SG assemb...