秦漢墨跡文字的演進考察－以「步」、「徙」等字為例

This research is conducted based on an assumption that the forms of Chinese characters has been evolved gradually with a certain principles with no regard to the influence of political powers. The research was conducted based on the calligraphy written with Chinese brushes with ink on flat bamboo slips or paper. The research studies the evolutions of the written forms of the characters including ＂步＂，＂□＂，＂□（跡）＂，＂高（□），＂京（亰）＂，＂景＂， and ＂亭＂，and analyzes the evolution of Chinese characters in Qin and Han dynasties. When writing with a Chinese brush and ink, the starting stroke and the different sequences of the following strokes tend to lead the changed forms of characters. Based on the writing of the character ＂高＂, the auther explains the writing sequence of the character that erquires pressing down the writing brush and turning the brush with the U-shaped path, a style which makes the writing faster. The changed character form resulted from the changed order of writing strokes is not easily comprehensible in non-Chinese characters. For example, ＂discrepant change＂ and ＂political interference＂ may lead to the changes which were not discernible in a short period of time. A very small percentage of character form change was due to aesthwtic consideration, limitation of writing materials, or ＂sudden change＂ The author thinks that the precise study of character form change should be focused on ＂discrepant change＂. Basic Chinese characters evolution principles may not be applicable to the ＂metal and stone characters＂ – those Chinese characters carved on stons or formed on metal materials partly because those characters were not written impromptu. One of the core factors for form evolution is the changed forms caused by fast handwriting over a long period of time. That is why the forms of characters written ink were different from those ＂metal and stone characters: even they were rendered at the same time. In the author's opinion, the characters which were not written impromptu should not be dealt with in the study of ＂character evolution＂. Those characters whose forms were changed due to the influences of their producers or earners achieved a substantial quantity over a long period of time. How should this process be characterized deserves further study.