Caracterización clínico-terapéutica de pacientes diagnosticados con Osteonecrosis en los maxilares relacionada con medicación

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws is an affection associated with the treatment with bisphosphonates, antiresorptive agents or antiangiogenic medications. Objective: To perform a clinical and therapeutic characterization of patients with the diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. Material and Method:  A case series of a total of 19 patients with the diagnosis of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws was carried out in the Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery of ¨Raul Gonzalez Sanchez¨ Dental School of Havana from January 2018 to January 2019. The severity and risk factors were identified and the treatment including the healing with ozone oil and the application of infrared laser was standardized. The patients were evaluated in the 90 days after treatment. The operationalization of variables included: sex, type of medications, ways and time of administration, localization, and evaluation of treatment. Results: The average age of patients was 69±8,5 years and 52,63% of them were male. Zolendronate was the most associated agent in 78,95% of cases. Periodontal disease was the most identified local factor (57, 89%). The posterolateral area of the mandible and stage 2 disease evolution predominated in 63,16% and 52, 63% of lesions, respectively. Also 78, 94% of cases had a satisfactory evolution in the 90 days after treatment. Conclusions: The administration of intravenous bisphosphonates, particularly Zolendronate, was the main cause of osteonecrosis.  These lesions were mainly located in the posterior lateral area of the mandible and presented stage 2 disease evolution. Healing with ozone oil and application of infrared laser was the most implemented alternative treatment. The values of resolved and improved lesions were satisfactory in the 90 days after treatment.