Ischemic Heart Disease

History of ischemic heart disease is a significant risk factor for perioperative cardiac complications, including postoperative myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, and death. A careful history and physical exam in patients with ischemic heart disease, including prior infarction and/or extent of coronary artery disease (CAD), is crucial prior to surgery to better assess and communicate risk to the patient and surgeon and to suggest management that may mitigate risk perioperatively.