Analysis of Risk Factors of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Prolonged Bed Rest Inpatients

Objective To investigate risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(DVT) for the inpatients with long stay in bed and to detect preventive measures. Methods Case control studies were performed.The patients(83 cases) from the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao City(June 2007 to June 2009) who have been absolutely in bed rest for more than one week and diagnosed as DVT were enrolled as case group,while those(111 cases) who absolutely in bed rest over one week but not diagnosed as DVT were involved as control group.Related data were collected and the correlation between each factor and DVT was analyzed.Results The gender composition,BMI,hospital stay and absolute bed rest days between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference(P0.05).The age of the case group was significantly younger than the control group and the smoking rate of the case group was significantly higher than the control group(P0.05).The operation history,trauma history and CVD history between the two groups showed statistically significant differences(P0.05),while other disease history showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).The application rate of anti-platelet agents,anti-coagulant drugs and medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in the case group was significantly lower than those of the control group(P0.01).The detection rate of hyperfibrinogenemia in the case group was significantly higher than in the control group(P=0.000).The multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that hyperfibrinogenemia was an independent risk factor for DVT(OR=12.700,95%CI(1.946,82.894),P=0.008),while anti-platelet agents(OR=0.031,95%CI(0.004,0.247),P=0.001),anti-coagulant drugs(OR=0.059,95%CI(0.005,0.690),P=0.024) and medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis(OR=0.005,95%CI(0.001,0.046),P=0.000)were protective factors. Conclusion Hyperfibrinogenemia is an independent risk factor for DVT among long bed rest patients,so fibrinolytic treatment should be paid more attention to.Antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy and medicines for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis can reduce the incidence of DVT in hospitalized patients.