Characterization study on performance, combustion and emission of nano additive blends of grapeseed oil methyl ester fuelled CI engine with various piston bowl geometries

The present work studies the outcome of various piston bowl geometries like shallow depth combustion chamber (SCC), toroidal shaped combustion chamber (TCC) and hemispherical shaped combustion chamber (HCC) in a compression ignition engine energized with diesel and grapeseed oil methyl ester with nano additives. The non-edible oil selected for the present investigation is grapeseed oil which was derived from winery waste. After single step transesterification with sodium hydroxide and methanol, grapeseed oil methyl ester was produced, and 100% of this biodiesel was further blended with optimized Zinc oxide nano particles of 100 ppm to reduce the NO emissions. Tests were conducted in 5.2 kW at 1500 rpm, single cylinder diesel engine. Performance, combustion and emission characteristics were studied for three sorts of combustion chamber geometry using grapeseed oil biodiesel with zinc oxide nano particles. Brake thermal efficiency turned out to be higher for toroidal combustion chamber in comparison with the other two designs of combustion chamber geometry. Also, other emissions like CO, HC and smoke were lower with toroidal shaped combustion chamber geometry. Considering the engine analysis, the toroidal shaped combustion chamber geometry was found to be better than shallow depth and hemispherical combustion chamber at all operating load conditions. The NO emissions were also found to be 13.2% lesser at full load operation for grapeseed oil methyl ester with zinc oxide nano particle blend.