Observing tidal and storm generated wave height impact on groundwater levels in a tropical delta (the Sundarbans)

Abstract Groundwater level (GWL) of coastal aquifers are strongly influenced by the ocean tide at sub-daily to seasonal scale. Similarly, GWL are influenced by storm induced ocean wave surge lasting few hours to a day. There has not been a detailed study on the conjunctive impact of such tidal and storm waves on coastal groundwater and its vulnerability. Through our coastal and field-laboratory observations at one of the world’s most extreme climate affected regions, the Ganges river mega-delta, we delineate the influence of ocean wave surge impacts on the shallow (