Negative Regulators of NF-κB Activation and Type I Interferon Pathways

The transcription factor NF-κB and type I interferon (IFN) are both important modulators of the innate immune system. NF-κB plays a key role in the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and chemokines (Oncogene 25:6758–6780, 2006), whereas type I IFN is essential for the initiation of an antiviral state in cells, and for the detection of malignant cells (Microbes Infect 4(6):647–655, 2002).