Physiological Changes Following Acute Weight Gain and Loss in Cats
2017
Introduction: Prevalence of obesity is increasing in cats as
in humans. As obesity is a risk factor for severe metabolic disorders
such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia, early detection and prevention
of overweightness and obesity are valuable. Development of new diagnostic markers is useful for early detection for obesity in animals.
Objects: Body Condition Score (BCS) is commonly used to evaluate
weight status in veterinary medicine, but it can be subjective and may
not accurately reflect the true metabolic status of an animal. To evaluate
the usefulness of metabolome, hormone, and enzyme markers as
the indicators for early obesity, changes in various parameters were
measured during the experimentally induced acute weight gain and
loss in cats and their correlations to the changes in BCS and body
weight (BW) were closely analyzed.
Methods: 6 healthy mixed-breed cats were used and fed highfat
diet and restricted-calorie diet to induce acute weight gain and
weight loss respectively. Changes in BW, BCS and plasma levels of
metabolome, hormones, enzyme parameters, and adipokines were
measured during the weight gain and loss periods.
Results: Significant elevations associated with weight gain were
seen in Triglyceride (TG), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), adiponectin,
Malondialdehyde (MDA) in cats. Highest BCS was associated with the
highest values of Triglyceride (TG), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST),
adiponectin, and with the lowest values of TNFα.
Conclusion: The results suggest that acute weight gain and high
BCS in cats may not necessarily be pathological as long as adiponectin
and anti-oxidant protection of the body are in effect. At an early phase
of acute weight gain, body’s protection against pro-inflammatory and
oxidative effects of adiposity remain functional, keeping overweight
individuals metabolically healthy even at high BCS.
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