24-3: Invited Paper: Light Out-Coupling of OLEDs: the Transparent Electrode Effects

Judicious use of low-index transparent conductors in transparent electrodes of OLEDs effectively enhances out-coupling both into substrate and directly into air. 39%, 57%, and 62% EQEs have been demonstrated for OLEDs with simple planar structures, planar transparent electrode plus external extraction, and nanostructured composite transparent electrode plus external extraction, respectively.