Understanding the Z-scheme heterojunction of BiVO4/PANI for photoelectrochemical nitrogen reduction.

Based on the criterion that heterojunction could significantly promote the photoelectrochemical (PEC) efficiency, the BiVO4/PANI (polyaniline) as Z-Scheme heterojunction was designed in this work. BiVO4/PANI has achieved the desirable NH3 yield rate (rNH3 = 0.93 μg h-1 cm-2) and Faraday efficiency (FE = 26.43%). This study represents a novel insight on PEC NRR research, which could be extended to the modification of other catalysts for boosting PEC N2 reduction reaction.