Numerical Simulation of Wallboards Constructively Incorporated with Different PCM Content Solutions for Passive Cooling in Southern of Algeria

Buildings in Algeria represent 41.4 % of the total energy consumption. Heating and cooling represent the largest component of energy use. Opportunities to reduce the heating and cooling demand in buildings therefore represent a potentially significant part of the future energy and CO2 emission savings. The heating and cooling loads of buildings are most of the time due to heat transfer through building envelope. From the point of view of energy saving, the most effective way to reduce these loads is to carry out thermo isolation with building envelope, between others, by using phase change materials (PCMs). The effectiveness of wall protection systems depends on several parameters such as orientation, size, and their thermal operation, with respect to the climate. The objective of this work is to study the thermal behavior of plaster wall containing three different types of PCM (eicosane, Na2CO3 ⋅ 10H2O, and CaCl2 ⋅ 6H2O) with variable concentrations to highlight the importance of quantity and quality of PCM under the climatic conditions in Ouargla city (at south of Algeria). The results indicate that CaCl2 ⋅ 6H2O gives good performances compared with other PCM. The increase in PCM percentage makes it possible to increase thermal inertia.