Intralesional interferon-α for conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: long-term results

Objective To report the long-term therapeutic results for patients with conjunctival mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma who were treated with intralesional injections of interferon-α (IFN-α). Design Prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series. Participants Twenty eyes of 16 patients with histologically proven conjunctival MALT lymphoma in the absence of systemic disease. Methods Patients were given 1 500 000 international units (IU) of IFN-α (Roferon-A; Roche s.p.a., Milano, Italy) subconjunctivally inside the lesion 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. If there was even a minimal response, a further cycle of 1 000 000 IU 3 times weekly for 4 weeks was administered. Main Outcome Measures Patients were followed up clinically using slit-lamp examination to determine evidence of tumor disappearance or recurrence. In 10 eyes, an incisional biopsy was performed 6 months after therapy to verify the histologic absence of the lesion. Results A complete response was obtained in 15 eyes (75%) at the end of first cycle treatment, and in 5 eyes (25%) after further cycles. Seventeen eyes (85%) showed no local recurrence after a median follow-up of 65 months (range, 15–136 months). Three eyes (15%) demonstrated recurrence at variable points after treatment. One patient with stage IIA lymphoma exhibited systemic lymphoma progression. Conclusions Local immunotherapy with IFN-α seems to be an effective and lasting treatment method and provides an alternative to radiotherapy for conjunctival MALT lymphomas. Very few transient side effects were detected. Financial Disclosure(s) The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.