Механизмы антропогенного воздействия на бенталь и структуру донных биоценозов северо-западной части Черного моря

In the book on basis of long-term complex investigations the substantial negative changes in the structure of benthos of north-western part of the Black Sea has been exposed: degradation of populations of dominant species from three major biocenosis in the region – mussel, phaseoline and phyllophore, and also row of dominant forms of the second order; appearance on vacant territories of one or another biocenosis of some temporal associations with prevailing of previously secondary rate forms in it. These changes are conditioned by three basic anthropogenous factors – hypoxia, eutrophication and bottom fishing. Due to different expressed of factor, the degree of their negative influence varies from area to area of the region. On the basis of this investigation a prohibition of the bottom fishing in the Black Sea was implemented as an urgent measure on prevention of further transformation of the bottom ecosystem. The consequent monitoring will help to estimate an efficiency of this measure. The book is addressed to hydrobiologists, ecologists, oceanologists, teachers and students.